PTB explains how to safeguard Data against future Quantum Computer Threats –
Quantum Computers pose a serious threat to many of today’s encryption methods, as they could efficiently break established cryptographic algorithms in the near future. Against this backdrop, the demand for quantum-secure communication solutions is growing – particularly for sensitive data and critical infrastructures. A newsletter article published by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in mid-December 2025 addresses this challenge and provides an overview of possible protection strategies.
A central approach to quantum-secure communication is Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), whose security relies not on mathematical complexity but on the laws of Quantum Mechanics. Eavesdropping attempts can be detected physically, as any measurement necessarily alters the Quantum State of the transmitted photons. Complementing this, Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is being developed: these are classical encryption methods based on particularly complex mathematical problems, designed to withstand attacks by Quantum Computers. Hybrid approaches, advocated by many IT experts, combine QKD and PQC to leverage the advantages of both methods for secure, eavesdropping-resistant key distribution.
The practical implementation of QKD requires highly precise and reliable measurement techniques. The PTB in Braunschweig is equipped with modern test facilities where photon sources, single-photon detectors, and complete QKD systems can be thoroughly characterized. Both fiber-optic and free-space systems can be tested under realistic conditions, including traceable measurements with clearly defined uncertainties. This infrastructure particularly supports start-ups and industry partners in translating new technologies from basic research into market-ready applications – bringing them closer to everyday use.
Beyond the characterization of individual components, quantum-secure communication requires robust test environments and interconnected infrastructures. In Germany, numerous testbeds for Quantum Communication already exist and are systematically documented as part of the umbrella project for Quantum Communication in Germany (Schirmprojekt Quantenkommunikation Deutschland, SQuaD). SQuaD consolidates these activities, connects stakeholders from research, industry, and business, and thus provides a central point of access for expertise and infrastructure. The goal is to enable the transition from isolated demonstrators to scalable, interoperable Quantum Networks, laying the foundation for a secure and future-proof communication infrastructure in Germany. Click here for the newsletter article.
Quellennachweis: Newsletterbeitrag PTB